Christine has been with Vanguard since 2000. She received her B.A. from Universitaire Faculteiten Sint Ignatius Antwerpen Belgium and also her Master Degree in Finance from Clark University in Massachusetts. She currently manages Vanguard European Stock Index and Switzerland Stock Index. Education: B.A., Universitaire Faculteiten Sint-Ignatius Antwerpen, Belgium; J.D., University of Liege, Belgium; M.S., Clark University.

Scott E. Geiger, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has been with Vanguard since 2006; has worked in investment management since 2008; has managed investment portfolios since 2013. Education: B.S., Millersville University.

John Kraynak, CFA, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has been with Vanguard since 2010, has worked in investment management since 2018, and has co-managed the Fund since February 2025. Education: B.S., Millersville University; M.B.A., Drexel University.